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America and the Return of Nazi Contraband: The Recovery of Europe's Cultural Treasures.

Publication: American Jewish History
Publication Date: 01-DEC-07 		Format: Online
Delivery: Immediate Online Access
Full Article Title: America and the Return of Nazi Contraband: The Recovery of Europe's Cultural Treasures.(Book review)

Article Excerpt
America and the Return of Nazi Contraband: The Recovery of Europe's Cultural Treasures. By Michael J. Kurtz. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006. x + 278 pp.

Plundering the spoils of war has a long history, while principles regarding the wartime protection and postwar restitution of such artifacts are a more modern phenomenon. As Michael J. Kurtz painstakingly demonstrates, the impact on cultural heritage engendered by World War II exceeded all previous experiences of looting and restitution. Driven by racist ideology, the Nazi regime widely appropriated the property of its perceived enemies, and the "outbreak of war in 1939 dramatically expanded the arena for Nazi plundering" (19). Kurtz identifies four major individuals or organizations, as well as numerous lower-level operatives, leading the charge for control over European cultural heritage: (1) the Sonderauftrag Linz (the Linz special project), aimed at "transforming the Fuhrer's boyhood home into the cultural mecca of Europe," with...

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