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...Christian and leaders defined the concept topographical holy space, not only in Palestine and Egypt but elsewhere in the apostolic world, and debated whether journeying to holy places was essential not only for the development of a Christian's faith but also for his or her salvation. To what degree, if any, was seeing and possibly touching the relics of holy men and women (often hermits), the tombs and remains of martyrs and apostles, and especially the holy places of the life of Jesus--such as the holy Cave of the Resurrection, Golgotha, and the site of the Ascension in Palestine--necessary for a Christian's salvation? Brouria Bitton-Ashkelony in this insightful book provides a new answer to this complex question. Her response involves refuting a current scholarly belief that the uneducated populace generally were the pilgrims in late antiquity to holy places, while educated Christians, including churchmen and women, generally eschewed pilgrimage. In her words, "a simple assumption of a dichotomy between popular and elite religion in late antiquity is no longer possible" (2).
It is no longer possible because Professor Bitton-Ashkelony nicely, persuasively, shows that Patristic writers such as Origin and Augustine did not divide Christians into these two classes as regards the phenomenon of pilgrimage. Nor was there a difference between the Eastern and Western Catholic Church in this respect. The actual tension was "between local sites of pilgrimage on the one hand and Jerusalem on...
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