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Article Excerpt
Chair: Gregorio B. Begonia, Jackson State University
Vice-chair: Md. S. Zaman, Alcorn State University
THURSDAY AFTERNOON
Grand Ballroom
6:00 Dodgen Reception and Divisional Poster Sessions Please set up between 4:00p and 4:30p
P1.01
CHELATE-INDUCED CHANGES IN METAL SOLUBILITY AFFECT THE PHYTOEXTRACTION EFFICACY OF CADMIUM BY WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)
Jennifer Ntoni, Maria Begonia, Gregorio Begonia, Gloria Miller, Miriam Ighoavodha
Jackson State Universitty
We hypothesized that the addition of synthetic chelates can increase the propensity of metal uptake by the roots and subsequent translocation to the shoot, thereby improving the efficacy of phytoextraction as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly phytoremediation technique. This study was therefore conducted to determine whether the addition of synthetic chelates can further enhance the root uptake and subsequent translocation of cadmium [Cd] to the shoots. Wheat [Triticum aestivum L.] seeds were planted in plastic tubes containing top soil and peat spiked with various levels (0, 250, 500 mg Cd/kg dry soil) of cadmium nitrate. At 6, 8, and 10 weeks after emergence, aqueous solutions (0,250, 500 mg/kg dry soil) of [ethylenebis(oxyethylenenitrilo)] tetraacetic acid [EGTA] alone or in combination with acetic acid [HAc] were applied to the root zone. Plants were harvested at 5 days after chelate addition. Results revealed that at each growth stage, wheat was slightly inhibited by treatment combinations of Cd and chelates as shown by reductions in root and shoot biomasses among Cd/chelate-treated plants. Enhancements in root Cd uptake were attributed to chelate amendments especially at the highest Cd treatments. Also, partitioning of the metal to the shoots was significantly enhanced with chelate addition. Overall, this study demonstrated that depending on the nature and type of Cd-contaminated soil being remediated, the efficacy of phytoextraction can depend on the mobility of the metal in the soil especially at a growth stage when the plants had attained maximum biomass.
P1.02
UPTAKE OF VARIOUS SOIL METALS BY INDIAN MUSTARD PLANTS GROWN IN CADMIUM CONTAMINATED SOIL
M. S. Zaman, Cherry Lockett
Alcorn State University
Studies in our laboratory and as reported by other investigators indicated that Brassica juncia (Indian Mustard) plants is a Cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulator. In this study, bioaccumulation of various naturally occurring soil metals such as antimony (Sb), barium (Ba), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), rhodium (Rh) and terbium (Tb) were evaluated in the presence of varied levels of soil Cd concentrations. Plants were grown in the laboratory under color corrected lights in Memphis silt loam soil containing ppm, 100 ppm, and 250 ppm Cd. Plants were harvested on day 30 of the experiment and dried plant samples were acid digested for tissue metal content analysis. Tissue metal content analysis was performed using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results indicated that Cd uptake by plants was dose related and presence of Cd in the soil interfered with the uptake of other metals.
P1.03
SENSORY EVALUATION OF LETTUCE FERTILIZED WITH UNCOMPOSTED HUMAN HAIR
MandarPatel, Juan L. Silva, Taejo Kim, Youkai Lu, Valtcho Zheljazkov
Mississippi State University
Sensory evaluation of lettuce fertilized with different treatments of uncomposted human hair byproducts was conducted on a 9-point hedonic scale. The treatments consisted of 0, 2.5, 5, and 10% of hair in osmocote, Osmocote (OSM), and water soluble fertilizer NPK 20-20-20 (NPK). The lettuce samples were evaluated for their color, crispness, visual defects, browning, bitterness, flavor and overall acceptability. There was no significant difference observed in crispness, bitterness and flavor for different treatments. Visual defects were higher (P<0.05) in lettuce fertilized with and 10% hair than those fertilized with NPK and osmocote. Browning observed in lettuce fertilized with 0, 5 and 10% hair was higher (P<0.05) than in those fertilized with 2.5% hair, osmocote and NPK. Though color and overall acceptability were not different at a 0.05 significance level, samples with osmocote and NPK were slightly preferred over those treated with hair. It can be concluded that lettuce fertilized with osmocote and NPK was preferred on most of the sensory attributes over lettuce fertilized with uncomposted human hair
P1.04
BLOOD PHYSIOLOGY OF BLUE x CHANNEL HYBRID CATFISH AT THREE STOCKING DENSITIES DURING THE SUMMER MONTHS.
Ravin Byrd (1), Susan LaBarre (2), Douglas Minchew (2), Rachel Beecham (1)
(1) Mississippi Valley State University, (2) Mississippi State University
Osmolarity, blood urea nitrogen, lactate, glucose, magnesium, calcium, chloride, sodium, potassium, oxygen saturation (SO2), bicarbonate (HCO3), partial pressure of oxygen (pO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), and pH were measured in whole blood of 450 blue x channel hybrid catfish (Ictalurus furcatus x I. punctatus) from 30 one acre ponds at the National Warmwater Aquaculture Center, Stoneville, Mississippi. The fish were observed at three different stocking densities (4330, 6490, and 8650 fish per acre). The samples were collected from May 2007 to July 2007 to compare monthly values. The fish were collected with standard rods and reels using catfish bait. The blood values were higher for osmolarity, calcium, sodium, and pO2 at the 4330 stocking density. The blood values were higher for lactate, glucose, magnesium, potassium SO2, HCO3, and pCO2 at the 8650 stocking density, and higher for blood urea nitrogen and ph at the 6490 stocking density. Monthly mean values for lactate and ph showed a gradual increase for all three months at all three stocking densities. Values for osmolarity, calcium, sodium, SO2, pO2, and pCO2 each showed a gradual decrease for all three months at all three stocking densities. Blood urea nitrogen, lactate, glucose, magnesium, chlorine, and HCO3 each showed fluctuations with no major increasing or decreasing trend. These data were collected for further research on the blood and health of the hybrid catfish....
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