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...understand its history--and consider its future. Ten or 20 centuries ago, as glaciers shifted southward at the end of the last ice age, northern species gradually died out. Though the glaciers never made it to the Canaan Valley area, the cold weather did, and plants and animals there adapted to cold climate.
When the ice age ended and the climate warmed, many of those plants and animals moved northward with the receding ice. Newly uncovered earth became repopulated as the species settled in the mountains where the high altitude allowed them to survive far south of what's now their normal range. One such place is Canaan Valley, the largest high-elevation valley east of the Rockies.
Before humans, Canaan Valley had red spruce and lots of it, mixed with balsam fir and hardwoods. It stayed that way until logging arrived in the early 1900s and continued without abate, ravaging the thriving Canaan balsam fir and red spruce. As railroads moved products to market...
NOTE: All illustrations and photos
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