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Article Excerpt
Monday, October 23, 2006
SYMPOSIUM ON FIBER OPTIC GYROSCOPES
MA--FOG 30th Anniversary I
MA1--11:00 a.m.; Invited--Reciprocity and Serendipity: The Early Development of FOG Architecture and Signal Processing, Herve Lefevre; iXCore S. A. S., France. The FOG remains a fascinating subject. It is not really complex physics, but reciprocity brings a purity not often encountered. If you add the serendipity behind, you confirm that it is really special.
MA2--11:25 a.m.; Invited--The Impact of Component Development on the Evolution of the Fiber Optic Gyroscope, William Burns; Photonic Systems Inc., USA. We review the impact of component development on the evolution of the fiber optic gyroscope. We consider single mode and PM fiber, fiber couplers, integrated components in lithiumniobate, broadband sources, and configurations for closed-loop operation.
MA3--11:50 a.m.; Invited--Fiber Optic Gyros: The Vision Realized, George Pavlath; Northrop Grumman, USA. No abstract available.
MA4--12:20 p.m.; Invited--Applications and Technical Progress of Fiber Optic Gyros in Japan, Aritaka Ohno (1), Akihiro Kurokawa (2), Tatsuya Kumagai (3), Shigeru Nakamura (4), Kazuo Hotate (5); (1) Japan Aviation Electronics, Japan , (2) Mitsubishi Precision Corp., Japan , (3) Hitachi Cable, Japan , (4) Tokimec, Japan , (5) Univ. of Tokyo, Japan. This paper describes recent progress in production and applications of Interferometer Fiber Optic Gyroscopes in Japan including control of rocket and satellites, camera stabilizer, sweeper robot, etc. Recent researches of the I-FOGs are also described.
MC--FOG 30th Anniversary II
MC1--2:00 p.m.; Invited--Optical Gyroscope Options: Principles and Challenges, Shaoul Ezekiel; MIT, USA. Several alternatives to Sagnac-based He-Ne ring-laser gyroscopes and fiber interferometer gyroscopes are reviewed. CW and pulsed-laser RLGs are examined, plus various passive-resonator approaches using external lasers. Much research is needed to make such alternatives viable.
MC2--2:25 p.m.; Invited--Fiber Optic Gyros:A Compelling Choice for High Precision Applications, Sudhakar Divakaruni, Steve Sanders; Honeywell Intl., USA. Fiber Optic Gyros have been in production at Honeywell over two decades. This paper presents an overview of our efforts in realizing instruments to meet the demands of high precision and severe environmental conditions.
MC3--2:50 p.m.; Invited--Advances in Open-Loop FOG Sensors, Steven R. Emge, Thomas Monte, Jeff Brunner, James Rossi, Robert Miller, Kalyan Ganesan; KVH Industries, USA. An all-fiber, open-loop FOG design with digital signal processing electronics for the control, demodulation, and calibration is presented along with typical performance data.
MC4--3:10 p.m.; Invited--Fibre Optic Gyroscopes for Space Application, Thomas Buret (1), David Ramecourt (1), Joachin Honthaas (2), Yves Paturel (2), Eric Willemenot (1), Thierry Gaiffe (1); (1) iXSpace, France , (2) iXSea, France. A family of space Inertial Measurement Unit with several Fibre Optic Gyroscopes has been developed, covering a large range of performance and space applications. We present the FOG configuration and the qualification of the technology.
ME--FOG 30th Anniversary III
ME1--4:00 p.m.; Invited--Sensitivity and Stability of an Air-Core Fiber-Optic Gyroscope, M. J. F. Digonnet, Y. K. Kim, S. Blin, V. Dangui, G. S. Kino; Stanford Univ., USA. We report an air-core fiber-optic gyroscope with similar short-term noise as a conventional gyroscope (random walk of ~0. 015 deg/*hr)and a dramatically reduced sensitivity to Kerr effect (>50), temperature transients (~6. 5), and Faraday effect (>10).
ME2--4:20 p.m.; Invited--Development of Radiation Hard Fiber for IFOGs, E. Joseph Friebele1, Lucienne R. Wasserman1, 2; 1NRL, USA , 2SFA, Inc., USA. This paper will report on the development of fiber for IFOG sense coils and fiber light sources deployed in radiation environments. Radiation hard polarization-maintaining fibers have been demonstrated.
ME3--4:40 p.m.; Invited--High Performance FOG: One Design, No Limit Yet!?, Joachin Honthaas, Thomas Buret, Yves Paturel, Thierry Gaiffe; iXSea, France. iXSea has been developing high performance FOG using the same structure as its middle performance gyroscopes, simply by adjusting fiber coil dimensions. We present how the general architecture of our design allowed this performance enhancement.
ME4--5:00 p.m.; Invited--All Fiber Replaced Optical Cladding Phase Modulator for FOG Applications and Beyond, Liming Wang, Thomas Monte; KVH Industries, USA. Novel in-line fiber-optic phase modulators were demonstrated in an open-loop FOG. Phase modulation to 3.8radians was measured using modulators fabricated by replacing half of the silica cladding of polarization-maintaining fiber with Kerr-like electro-optic silicones.
ME5--5:20 p.m.--Rotating Crystals and Micro-Cavities with Applications to Optical Gyroscopes, Ben Z. Steinberg, Amir Boag; Tel-Aviv Univ., Israel. We study propagation in rotating crystals, micro-cavities, and slow-light structures. Novel manifestations of the Sagnac effect are reported. Theoretical tools for studying the new effects in detail are discussed. Results are verified by numerical simulations.
ME6--5:32 p.m.; Invited--Hollow Core Fiber Optic Ring Resonator for Rotation Sensing, Glen A. Sanders, Lee K. Strandjord, Tiequn Qiu; Honeywell Intl., USA. An exciting new fiber optic resonator architecture that addresses performance barriers of the past is presented for applications in rotation sensing. It uses bandgap fiber. Experimental results of first resonators showing encouraging performance are presented.
ME7--5:47 p.m.--Sagnac Beat Signals Observed in Semiconductor Fiber-Optic Ring Laser Gyroscope, Keizo Inagaki, Shuichi Tamura, Hiroyuki Noto, Takahisa Harayama; ATR Wave Engineering Labs, Japan. A semiconductor fiber-optic ring laser gyroscope, which consist of a semiconductor optical amplifier as a gain medium and polarization-maintaining fiber to form a ring resonator, generate Sagnac beat signals demonstrating good agreement with theoretical calculations.
ME8--5:59 p.m.--Photonic Crystal Fiber IFOGs, Jesse Tawney (1), Farhad Hakimi (1), R. L. Willig (1), John Alonzo (2), Ryan T. Bise (2), Frank DiMarcello (2), Eric M. Monberg (2), Thomas Stockert (2), Dennis J. Trevor (2); (1) Charles Stark Draper Lab, USA , (2) OFS Labs, USA. We have built and tested an interferometric fiber-optic gyroscope made with photonic crystal fiber. This paper reports the test results and examines the advantages of photonic crystal fiber for this type of gyroscope.
SYMPOSIUM ON STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING
MB--SHM Tutorial
MB1--2:00 p.m.--Tutorial--SHM Tutorial, John Newhook; Dalhousie Univ., Canada. No abstract available.
MB2--3:00 p.m.; Invited--Optical Fiber Sensors and Civionics, Aftab Mufti; Univ. of Manitoba, Canada. No abstract available.
MD--SHM Workshop I
MD1--4:00 p.m.; Invited--The Use of FOS in Civil Applications: A Retrospective, Farhad Ansari; Univ. of Illinois at Chicago, USA. No abstract available.
MD2--4:20 p.m.; Invited--Structural Health Monitoring Activities of Applying Optical Fiber Sensors in Taiwan, Chung-Yue Wang, Hao-Lin Wang, Ming-Hung Chen; Natl. Central Univ., Taiwan. Applications of optical fiber sensors on the structural health monitoring of the deformations of bridges, viaduct of high speed rail systems, railway tracks, airport pavements, and geological faults are introduced.
MD3--4:40 p.m.; Invited--FO Bridge Monitoring Activities in China, Jinping Ou; Harbin Inst. of Technology, China. No abstract available.
MD4--5:00 p.m.; Invited--Requirements and Methods to Establish Confidence in Use of Fibre Optic Sensors in Engineering, Wolfgang Habel; Bundesanstalt fur Materialforshung und-prufung (BAM)Berlin, Germany. Although numerous fiber optic sensors are applied worldwide, some questions concerning reliability and stability remain still open. Main points concern stability of materials used and the measurement concept. Usage of validated sensor components as well as practicability of standardized test methods is demanded. Presentation is to reflect on important aspects to get an increasing confidence of potential customers in fiber sensor technique.
MD5--5:20 p.m.; Invited--Recent Advances in Fiber Optic EFPI Sensors and Their Use in Structural Health Monitoring, Yun-Jiang Rao; Univ. of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), China. The recent progress in fiber-optic extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometric (EFPI)sensors is reviewed and the uses of the EFPI sensors in structural health monitoring of composite materials and bridges are described in this paper.
MF--SHM Workshop II
MF1--6:00 p.m.; Invited--SHM Using Fiber Sensors in Aerospace Applications, Jose M. Menendez (1), Alfredo Guemes (2); (1) Airbus Espana, Spain , (2) Univ. Politecnica de Madrid, Spain. Despite the early identification of fiber optics as a promising technology to monitor aerospace structures, progress has been slow. Interest has grown in the last years in parallel with the maturity of the FBG technology.
MF2--6:20 p.m.; Invited--Structural Health Monitoring Using FBGs for Aerospace and Composite Manufacturing, Eric Udd; Columbia Gorge Res., USA. Fiber Bragg gratings may be utilized to monitor the structural integrity of key components of aerospace structures including composite parts, adhesive joints and deformation of surfaces. These areas are overviewed.
MF3--6:40 p.m.; Invited--High Dynamic Strain Measurements and Aliasing Suppression Capability Using a PDA-Based Spectrometer Design, Stephan Van Damme (1), Bob Boons (1), Johan Vlekken (1), Marc Voet (1), Jonas Bentell (2), Jan Vermeiren (2); (1) FOS&S Fibre Optic Sensors and Sensing Systems, Belgium, 2XenICs, Belgium. In this paper a dynamic strain measurement system is presented. The occurrence and suppression of aliasing components using an intrinsic parameter of the system is discussed. A theoretical model and experimental results are presented.
MF4--7:00 p.m.--Monitoring the New Circular Pedestrian Steel Bridge over the Sao Roque and Botiroes Channels with Weldable Fiber-Bragg Grating Sensors, Cristina Barbosa (1), Nuno Costa (1), Luis A. Ferreira (1, 2), Francisco M. Araujo (1, 2), Humberto Varum (3), Anibal Costa (3); (1) FiberSensing, Portugal, (2) INESC Porto, Portugal, (3)Univ. de Aveiro, Portugal. To monitor a new circular pedestrian bridge, new strain and temperature sensors based on fiber Bragg gratings were developed to be directly welded to the steel structure, as well as proper protection and installation procedures.
MF5--7:12 p.m.--Long Span Cable Stayed Bridge Monitoring Using Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing System, Hideaki Iwaki; Inst. of Technology, Shimizu Corp., Japan. An implementation and result of distributed optical fiber sensing system to a long span cable stayed bridge for monitoring throughout the construction procedure is described.
Tuesday, October 24, 2006
TuA--Opening Session
TuA1--9:30 a.m.--Plenary--Speaker to be announced.
TuA2--10:00 a.m.; Invited--Fiber Based Supercontinuum Sources for Optical Fibre Sensors, Stephane Coen (1), John D. Harvey (1), Goery Genty (2), John M. Dudley (3); (1) Univ. of Auckland, New Zealand , (2) Helsinki Univ. of Technology, Finland , (3) Univ. of Franche-Comte, France. We review supercontinuum generation in fibers over the full experimental parameter range, from continuous wave to femtosecond pumps. We discuss the dominant frequency conversion mechanisms in each regime, and compare numerical and experimental results.
TuB--Physical and Mechanical Sensors
TuB1--11:00 a.m.; Invited--Advances in the Use of Optical Fibers Sensors for Oil Reservoir Monitoring, Mikko Jaaskelainen; Shell Exploration and Production, USA. Fiber Optics is a key technology for Reservoir Monitoring but the uptake has been slow. This paper reviews some of the barriers and shows field deployments where the issues have been resolved.
TuB2--11:30 a.m.--Fiber-Top Cantilevers: A New Generation of Micromachined Sensors for Multipurpose Applications, Davide Iannuzzi (1), Szabolcs Deladi (2), Herman Schreuders (1), Martin Slaman (1), Jan H. Rector (1), Michael Elwenspoek (2); (1) Vrije Univ. Amsterdam, Netherlands, (2) Univ. of Twente, Netherlands. Fiber-top cantilevers are new monolithic devices obtained by carving a cantilever out of the edge of a single-mode optical fiber. Here we report evidences of their potential impact as sensing devices for multipurpose applications.
TuB3--11:42 a.m.--Simultaneous Measurement of Strain and Temperature Based on Fiber Bragg Gratings Inscribed on Holey Fiber with Different Air Hole Size, Young-Geun Han, Young Jun Lee, Gil Hwan Kim, Hung Su Cho, Ju Han Lee, Sang Bae Lee; KIST, Republic of Korea. We propose a simple technique for simultaneous measurement of stain and temperature based on fiber Bragg gratings written in holey fibers with different air hole in one-layered air holes within the silica cladding.
TuB4--11:54 a.m.--Multi-Axis Bend Sensing Using a Single Surface Relief Fiber Bragg Grating, Tyson L. Lowder, Brian R. Tebbs, Stephen M. Schultz, Richard H. Selfridge; Brigham Young Univ., USA. We use a single surface relief fiber Bragg grating as a bend sensor with two degrees of freedom. By monitoring the Bragg efficiency and Bragg wavelength, an effective multi-axis bend sensor can be realized.
TuB5--12:06 p.m.--Fiber Optic Brownian Motion Force Sensor, Libo Yuan, Zhihai Liu, Jun Yang, Chengkai Guo; Harbin Engineering Univ., China. A fiber optic force sensor is demonstrated based on a fused tapered fiber probe. By way of comparing the value of Brownian motion force with the trapping force, the Brownian motion force can be measured.
TuB6--12:18 p.m.--Versatile In-Fiber Bragg Grating Pressure Sensor for Oil and Gas Industry, Oleg V. Butov (1), Konstantin M. Golant (10, Valery I. Grifer (2), Yaroslav V. Gusev (3), Artem V. Kholodkov (1), Alexey V. Lanin (3), Rafhat A. Maksutov (2), Gennady I. Orlov (2); (1) Fiber Optics Res. Ctr. RAS, Russian Federation , (2) Ritek JSC, Russian Federation , (3) Business-Unitech Co. Ltd., Russian Federation. In-fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor with an offset temperature compensation is designed. The accuracy of 0. 05 MPa and the dynamic band of0-20MPa are achieved at ambient temperatures up to 120[degrees]C.
TuC--Electromagnetic Sensors
TuC1--2:00 p.m.; Invited--Progress in Brillouin Slow Light and Its Impact in Fiber Sensing, Miguel Gonzalez-Herraez (1, 2), Kwang-Yong Song (1, 2), Sang-Hoon Chin (1, 2), Luc Thevenaz (1, 2); (1) Dept. of Electronics, Univ. of Alcala, Spain , (2) Nanophotonics and Metrology Lab, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Switzerland. This paper reviews the major advances in Brillouin slow light devices along the last two years. We also focus on the positive and negative implications of this effect in the development of fiber sensors.
TuC2--2:30 p.m.--DFB Fiber Laser Magnetic Field Sensor Based on the Lorentz Force, Geoffrey A. Cranch (1, 2), Gordon M. H. Flockhart (1, 2), Clay K. Kirkendall (1, 2); 1NRL, USA, (2) SFA Inc., USA. A high sensitivity DFB fiber laser based DC magnetic field sensor is presented. The laser is mounted on a current carrying conductor which vibrates due to the Lorentzian force generated by an external magnetic field.
TuC3--2:42 p.m.--Sensing Electric Fields Using Thermally Poled Silica Optical Fibre at 50Hz, Andrew M. Michie (1), Ian M. Bassett (1), John H. Haywood (1), John Ingram (2); (1) Univ. of Sydney, Australia , (2) Asea Brown Boveri (ABB), Australia. Electric field sensing between two parallel plate electrodes at 50Hz is demonstrated. The polarisation dependence of linear electro-optic effect combined with a digital signal processing system enabled electric field measurements up to 250Hz.
TuC4--2:54 p.m.--Effect of Gap Region Medium on Acoustic Emission Wave by Single Pulse Discharge, Yoshiaki Akematsu, Kazuro Kageyama, Naotake Mohri, Hideaki Murayama; Univ. of Tokyo, Japan. In this study, the mechanism of material removal in electrical discharge machining (EDM) was investigated by acoustic emission (AE)technique. Twice burst AE wave was detected by optical fiber sensor during single pulse discharge.
TuC5--3:06 p.m.--1550nm All-Fiber Interferometer for Partial Discharge Detection in Oil-Insulated Power Transformer, Pierpaolo Boffi (1), Rudi Bratovich (1), Filippo Persia (1), Angelo Barberis (1), Mario Martinelli (1), Letizia De Maria (2), Johnny Borghetto (2), Umberto Perini (2); (1) Politecnico di Milano-Dept. Electronics and Information, Italy , (2) CESI Ricerca, Italy. A fiber-interferometric sensor realized with standard telecommunication components operating at 1550nm is developed to detect acoustic emissions from partial discharges in oil-insulated transformers. Sensor performance is compared with typical electric measurement in realistic harsh environment.
TuC6--3:18 p.m.--Fiber Optic Fluorescent Sensor for Electric Discharge Detection, Chung Lee (1), Kent Kalar (1), Brad Sallee (2), Bill Hallidy (2); 1Sensortran, USA, 2SPEC, USA. Passive fiber optic sensor, based on fluorescent coating for various discharge sensing application is introduced and its results are presented. Detection of discharge magnitude as well as its location both in accessible and non-accessible areas.
TuD--Passive and Active Devices for Photonic Sensing
TuD1--4:00 p.m.--Monitoring of Molecular Transformations with Optical Microresonators, Juraj Topolancik, Frank Vollmer; Rowland Inst. at Harvard, USA. Optical microcavities are used to monitor molecular structural changes in biological photochrome Bacteriorhodopsin. The observations establish microcavities as a sensitive optical spectroscopy probe for studying dynamic changes of conformations and dipole orientations in molecular systems.
TuD2--4:12 p.m.--Bragg Grating Temperature Sensor in Photosensitive Capillary Waveguide, Doug J. Markos, Kevin H. Smith, Timothy E. Dimmick, Lee Dickens; Harris Corp., USA. We present a thermal sensor consisting of a Bragg grating inscribed in photosensitive capillary with a temperature sensitive fluid core. We demonstrate temperature sensitivity of-150pm/[degrees]C. Temperature and strain discrimination methods are proposed.
TuD3--4:24 p.m.--Implementation of Optical Fibre Sensors with Low Thermal Cross-Sensitivity Utilising Ex-45[degrees]Degree Tilting Grating Structures, Kaiming Zhou, Lin Zhang, Xianfeng Chen, Rui Suo, Ian Bennion; Photonic Res. Group, UK. We report an implementation of optical fibre sensors based on fibre Bragg gratings with excessively tilted (>45[degrees])structures, showing distinctive polarisation characteristics, desirable low thermal-cross-sensitivity and enhanced responsivity to surrounding-medium-refractive-index.
TuD4--4:36 p.m.--A Practical Raman Laser Based Long-Distance Sensing Scheme for Simultaneous Measurement of Strain and Temperature, Young-Geun Han, T. V. A. Tran, Ju Han Lee, Sang Bae Lee; KIST, Republic of Korea. We propose a simple and flexible multi-wavelength Raman fiber laser based long-distance remote sensing scheme for simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature more than 50 km using all fiber Bragg gratings.
TuD5--4:48 p.m.--Brillouin Fibre Laser Sensor for Strain and Temperature Discrimination, Orlando Frazao (1), Jose Machado Marques (2), Jose Luis Santos (1, 3,) Manuel Bastos Marques (1, 3), Jose Manuel Baptista (1, 2); (1) INESC Porto, Portugal , (2) Dept. de Engenharia Electrotecnica, Portugal , 3FCUP, Portugal. In this work, a Brillouin fibre laser sensor for strain and temperature discrimination is presented. The fibre laser sensor consists in a Fabry-Perot cavity with 20 meters of optical fibre between two Bragg gratings.
TuE--Tuesday Poster Session
TuE1--Spectral Evolution of Long-Period Fiber Grating during Written Process and Their Influence in the Sensitivity, Antonio Quintela (1), Maria Angeles Quintela1, Daniel A. Gonzalez (1), Silvia Diaz (2), Manuel Lopez-Amo (2), Jose Miguel Lopez-Higuera1; (1) Univ. de Cantabria, Spain, (2) Univ. of Navarra, Spain. The peak loss wavelength shift, attenuation and bandwidth values on a LPG during the UV multi-pass writing process can be used to estimate the LPG sensitivities in real-time during the fabrication task.
TuE2--Fiber Optic Corrosion Sensor, Chung Lee; Sensortran, USA. Remotely monitored Fiber Optic Corrosion detection based on variations of fluorescent emission has introduced and its results are presented. The amplitude of the fluorescent intensity was decreased by ~50% and the spectrum was broadened.
TuE3--In-Orbit Performance Evaluation of Temperature Controlled Small Fiber Optical Gyro on Microsatellite--REIMEI, Shin-ichiro Sakai (1), Yosuke Fukushima (1), Aritaka Ohno (2), Hirobumi Saito (1); (1) Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Inst. of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan, (2) Japan Aviation Electronics Industry, Ltd., Japan. Scientific microsatellite REIMEI...
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