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Emphysema.

Publication: Clinical Reference Systems
Publication Date: 24-MAY-06 		Format: Online
Delivery: Immediate Online Access
Full Article Title: Emphysema.(disease overview)(Disease/Disorder overview)

Article Excerpt
What is emphysema?

Emphysema is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that gradually destroys the lungs. The damage makes it hard to breathe. You have trouble breathing out carbon dioxide and eventually become unable to breathe in enough oxygen.

How does it occur?

Cigarette smoking is the main cause of emphysema. An inherited disorder (passed down from parents) called alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, or AAT deficiency, can also cause emphysema. If you are a smoker AND have this genetic disorder, the lungs become damaged more quickly.

Cigarette smoke can damage the cells in your lungs. As the air sacs in your lungs (alveoli) become damaged, it gets harder for you to breathe out carbon dioxide after you breathe in air. This means more carbon dioxide stays in your lungs and you have less room for oxygen to be breathed in. Once this damage occurs, it does not go away.

Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) is a protein that is made in the liver. The liver releases this protein into...

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