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...endiseleri, toplumsal ihtiyaclari bunlar bircok nesilden beri ciddi sorunlardan olan toprak erezyonunu, yiyecek kitligini, beslenme, yakacak odun ve su konulari uzerinde durmaktadir. Dogussal bilgiler ve aliskanliklar genellikle yasamsal farkliliklari korumayi artirdigi olgusu goz onune alindiginda, tum bu faktorler esas olarak kirsal bolgeyi gelistirmede kullanilabilir. Bu geleneksel bilgileri ekleyip dokuman haline getirmekle, bu sistemli yaklasim ilerde kirsal bolgedeki ciftci kadinlara yardimci olabilir, kirsal ve milli ekonomik sosyal butunlesmeyi saglayabilir. Butunsel yaklasim surdurulebilir tarimsal gelismeyi, gelir uretim semasini, yeni teknolojik gelismeleri ve yeni kucuk gelisim derecelerini kapsamaktadir. Bu yaklasim bagimsiz ve surdurulebilir kirsal kesim kadin gruplarina katklda bulunmakta, bundan dolayi bu akim kirsal kesim kadinlarina geleceklerini ve icgudusel ve dogustan olan temel davranislarini kontrol etme olanagi tanimaktadir. Kirsal kesim kadinlarinin uzun surede kendi cocuklarinin hayat kalitelerini ve egitimlerini gelistirme yolunda kendi ailelerinin genel ekonomik objektifleriyle karsilasacaklari beklenmektedir. Simdiye kadar yapilan butun gelismeleri ve bununla beraber hala daha anda suregelen ve adeta gelismelerine engel olusturan sorunlarin cozumune calisilmasi hedeflenmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Afrika, Kenya kadinlari, Green Africa Network, surdurelubilir kadin gelisimi, geleneksel teknoloji, cevre bilimi, cevre sagligi.
Abstract
In this paper we are going to highlight some of the fundamental features of the integrated approach (IA), as a way forward to sustainable women development in rural Kenya. This approach is based on integrated women's indigenous and traditional knowledge, tasks, experiences, and concerns about problems and community needs that are essential and, which they have been using for many generations, in tackling crucial environmental problems such as deforestation, soil erosion and the scarcity of food, fodder, fuel wood and water in rural Kenya. Indigenous knowledge and practices, often enhances the conservation of biodiversity and, can be used as the basis for rural development. By documenting and adding to their own knowledge, this system of approach will help rural women farmers integrate into the mainstream sustainable rural and national socio-economic development. The IA programme covers sustainable agricultural development and income-generating schemes, new technology transfer including access to credit and small-scale enterprises. It will contribute towards independence and sustainability of rural-based women groups, thereby allowing them to take control of their indigenous resource-base and also be more confident of the future. Further, it is expected that rural women, in the long run, would be able to meet the general economic objectives of their family, through improved quality of life and education for their children. We will also present the overall advances so-far made and obstacles that still remain to be tackled.
Key Words: Africa, Kenya women, Green Africa Network, sustainable development, traditional technology, environmental hygienic developement.
1. Introduction
The saying goes: 'No one knows the realities of over-exploitation of the land than women who till it, carry its waters, use its trees for food, fuel, harvest forests for healing herbs and medicinal plants and use their traditional and indigenous knowledge for the benefit of the community, in preserving species and ecosystems." Further, research has shown that the forest is central to lives of rural women in Africa, and hence, they play a major and critical role in conserving this storehouse. In addition, the time spent in forests, gathering woodfuel, has taught women the many uses of forest resources, including providing fibres for cloth, mat-making and basketry. Many indigenous forest resources are used as a source of food, offering vegetables, nut fruits and even vines. Women also know the uses of traditional medicinal resources of various plants. Hence, their role as managers and caretaker of the environment, community forest, and its biodiversity is an acknowledged phenomenon. However, the problems they must deal with today are complicated by exacerbating environmental degradation, pressure and loss of access to land and natural resources e.g., lack of water supply and woodfuel resources and economic policies such as Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs), which have made rural Africa increasingly prone to food security crises; are all new and extra burden to rural women (see, Fig. 1). But these issues also involve more intricate inter-relationships with...
NOTE: All illustrations and photos
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