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Article Excerpt
Life and Work
Following the founding generation of composers of new Czech music (Bedrich Smetana, 1824-1884; Antonin Dvorak, 1841-1904) a group of other important composers came to the fore in the last decade of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. Throughout Europe programmes and individuals were emerging all loosely linked by various concepts of modernity, involving reflection on all areas of life--politics, economics, technology, science, the position of man, culture and art--and critical reaction to change in the past century. In the Czech Lands one aspect of the new wave was a new philosophy among poets and writers (known as the Manifesto of the Czech Modern Movement, 1895), who believed that the main imperative of their art should be to overcome traditional idyllism and narrow patriarchal nationalism through freedom of creation, critical thinking and stress on individualism: "artist, give your work your blood, your brain, your whole self--you, your brain, your blood will live and breath in it, and it will live through them ..." The idea of constant progress, expressing itself in the conquest of ever new areas of subject-matter and spirited innovation in technique, was also elevated to a principle by the...
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