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...with search and retrieval tools (keyword- or concept-based) to help locate target information. However, unlike search technology alone, taxonomies reveal the overall structure of a knowledgebase, in a hierarchy that is visible to the user. The user navigates through subcategories to narrow the search, a process that helps avoid false hits that are outside the area of interest. When used with search and retrieval tools, taxonomies aid in efficiency by limiting the volume of material that must be searched.
In some software solutions, the model has a single underlying taxonomy in which a document appears only once, and separate classification schemes that may present the document more than once. For example, the same document may show up in a hierarchy organized by industry or by geography. Some in the industry describe the two as a canonical taxonomy and a presentation taxonomy respectively. In other solutions, the model entails one taxonomy that allows a document to appear in multiple places within it.
Maintaining a taxonomy consists of two primary activities: incorporating new documents into the existing structure and changing the structure to accommodate new information that cannot fit into the existing one. Those processes are usually carried out through a combination of automation and human intervention. Classification techniques include keywords, statistical analyses that look for patterns of words, and use of a semantic network or ontology that analyzes words for their meaning in context. Analytical capabilities can help determine when a new category is needed, and how the documents would be redistributed. According to Laura Ramos, director at the Giga Information Group (gigaweb.com), maintenance is the most expensive part of a taxonomy project, yet is often...
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