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THE NEW TURKISH REPUBLIC: TURKEY AS A PIVOTAL STATE IN THE MUSLIM WORLD.

Publication: International Journal on World Peace
Publication Date: 01-MAR-09 		Format: Online
Delivery: Immediate Online Access
Full Article Title: THE NEW TURKISH REPUBLIC: TURKEY AS A PIVOTAL STATE IN THE MUSLIM WORLD.(Book review)

Article Excerpt
THE NEW TURKISH REPUBLIC: TURKEY AS A PIVOTAL STATE IN THE MUSLIM WORLD.

Graham E. Fuller

Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace Press, 2008

196pp., paper, $14.95

Graham Fuller has written a very useful analysis of the foreign policy options facing Turkey. Basically, there have been three Turkish Republics. The first was created by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk after the First World War. He built on late reform movements within the Ottoman Empire but centered all his attention on the modernization of Turkey. The Arab lands which had belonged to the Ottomans were under the control of France and England while Arabia was taken over by the Saudi family. For Ataturk, modernization was to copy Western European laws, military training and technology while avoiding European political influence. Ataturk's style of government was authoritarian and reforms were top-down.

During the 1930s, with growing dangers from the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany, Turkey followed a foreign policy of neutrality' with its attention focused on European issues. This policy followed through the Second World War.

In 1950 the Second Turkish Republic began, although it was only slightly different...

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